Silicosis: una antigua enfermedad profesional con nuevos escenarios de exposición laboral / Silicosis: a former occupational disease with new occupational exposure scenarios

Introducción: recientes estudios evidencian un aumento de la prevalencia de la silicosis por el uso de conglomerados artificiales de cuarzo (CAC). El objetivo de este trabajo es la valoración de los casos de silicosis declarados al Sistema de Información Sanitaria de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Laboral de la Comunidad Valenciana en nuestra área, para detectar: nuevos agentes de exposición al sílice y condiciones de trabajo que favorecen su aparición. Material y método: estudio descriptivo de casos de silicosis declarados al Sistema de Información Sanitaria de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Laboral de la Comunidad Valenciana desde enero de 2009 hasta septiembre de 2016. Las fuentes de datos incluyen encuestas epidemiológico-laborales e informes médicos. Resultados: se declaran 19 casos de silicosis. El 74% fue diagnosticado mediante tomografía computarizada de alta resolución. El 68,4% estaba relacionado con manipulación de CAC, en puestos de montador/cortador/lijador de encimeras. La edad media de este subgrupo fue de 46,62±13,33 años y la media de exposición, de 11,00±3,58 años. El resto trabajó en empresas sin exposición a CAC, con una edad media de 62,33±16,22 años y un tiempo de exposición de 27,16±8,44 años (p<0,05). Presentaron formas complicadas 4 casos (3 expuestos a CAC). Conclusiones: el trabajo de montador/cortador/lijador de encimeras de CAC presenta un alto riesgo de desarrollar la enfermedad. La edad media de presentación y el tiempo de exposición en este grupo es menor y el porcentaje de formas clínicas complicadas, mayor. Es necesario establecer mejoras en la planificación preventiva de empresas con exposición a estos nuevos agentes

Background: recent studies have shown an increase in the prevalence of silicosis due to the use of artificial quartz aggregates (AQA). The aim of this study was to assess the cases of silicosis in our area reported to the Healthcare Information System for Occupational Epidemiological Surveillance of the Autonomous Community of Valencia to detect new agents of exposure to silica and working conditions that promote its onset. Material and method: a descriptive study was conducted of cases of silicosis reported to the Healthcare Information System for Occupational Epidemiological Surveillance of the Autonomous Community of Valencia from January 2009 to September 2016. The data sources include epidemiological-occupational surveys and medical reports. Results: nineteen cases of silicosis were reported, 74% of which were diagnosed using high-resolution computed tomography. Some 68.4% of the cases were related to the handling of AQA, as assemblers/cutters/sanders of countertops. The subgroup's mean age was 46.62±13.33 years, and the mean exposure was 11.00±3.58 years. The rest of the patients worked in companies with no AQA exposure, with a mean age of 62.33±16.22 years and a mean exposure of 27.16±8.44 years (P<.05). Four cases presented complicated forms (3 exposed to AQA). Conclusions: the work of assembling/cutting/sanding AQA countertops presents a high risk of developing the disease. The mean age at onset and the exposure time for this group is lower, and the percentage of complicated clinical forms is higher. Improvements need to be made in preventive planning for companies with exposure to these new agents

Silicosis: A former occupational disease with new occupational exposure scenarios. / Silicosis: una antigua enfermedad profesional con nuevos escenarios de exposición laboral.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown an increase in the prevalence of silicosis due to the use of artificial quartz aggregates (AQA). The aim of this study was to assess the cases of silicosis in our area reported to the Healthcare Information System for Occupational Epidemiological Surveillance of the Autonomous Community of Valencia to detect new agents of exposure to silica and working conditions that promote its onset. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A descriptive study was conducted of cases of silicosis reported to the Healthcare Information System for Occupational Epidemiological Surveillance of the Autonomous Community of Valencia from January 2009 to September 2016. The data sources include epidemiological-occupational surveys and medical reports. RESULTS: Nineteen cases of silicosis were reported, 74% of which were diagnosed using high-resolution computed tomography. Some 68.4% of the cases were related to the handling of AQA, as assemblers/cutters/sanders of countertops. The subgroup's mean age was 46.62±13.33 years, and the mean exposure was 11.00±3.58 years. The rest of the patients worked in companies with no AQA exposure, with a mean age of 62.33±16.22 years and a mean exposure of 27.16±8.44 years (P<.05). Four cases presented complicated forms (3 exposed to AQA). CONCLUSIONS: The work of assembling/cutting/sanding AQA countertops presents a high risk of developing the disease. The mean age at onset and the exposure time for this group is lower, and the percentage of complicated clinical forms is higher. Improvements need to be made in preventive planning for companies with exposure to these new agents.

[Hospital utilization in health areas of the principality of Asturias]. / Estudio de utilización de hospitales en areas de salud del principado de Asturias.

In order to examine the characteristics of the use of the hospitals in the Principality of Asturias by the population in several different health areas in which the Autonomous Community is divided, a study of admittances and discharges has been carried out on a sample of 2,321 files out of a total number of files of 14,973. The purpose was to find out the frequency of visits, the attractiveness and the geographical accessibility of the hospitals, as well as some of the factors which modify the flow of patients and which cause disequilibrium between the various areas. We have found important differences in the use of hospitals relating to age, sex, distance from the facility, and the characteristics of the area, which reflect serious intra-regional disequilibrium; there is a tendency towards the most frequent use of facilities among those situated in the central part of the Principality, in a range varying from 1.85 to 3.20 admittances/day by 10E-4. This data can be useful at the present time as there is currently under way a regional health plan for the distribution of hospital resources.